Improvement in manufacture of semolina



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- Flour Mill. v No. 97,036. Patented Nov-2 3, 1869.

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Flour Mill.

Patented Nov. '23, 1869.

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Flour Mill.

Patented Nov. 23, 1869.

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GUSTAV A. BUCHHOLZ, OF SHEPHERDS BUSH, ENGLAND.

lMPROVEMENT IN MANUFACTURE OF SEMOLINA.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. -92,036, dated November 23, 1869 patented in England,

I November 19, 1862.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GUSTAV A. BUGHHOLZ,

of Shepherds Bush, county of Middlesex, England, have invented a new and useful Improvement in' Machinery for Manufacturing Semolina; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, which will enable others skilled in the art to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming partof this specification.

This invention relates to the employment of improved machinery for manufacturing semolina.

In carrying out this manufacture I first hull the wheat intended to be converted into semolina in a novel construction of apparatus, the acting surfaces of which are formed of metal blades, which, when the apparatus is set in motion, give to the grain the friction requisite for removing the outer skin or the greater portion thereof. When the grain has passed through this hulling-machine I separate the bran or hull therefrom in any approved manner, and afterward submit the grain to the-ac tion of a novel construction of roller-mill, whereby a large portion will be reduced to semolina fit for market. This I separate by sieves or other suitable means, and, the re mainder I reduce in any known or approved ,manner to .flour, which may be dressed and.

finished as usual for the market.

In Sheet I of the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of the improved hulling-machine, showing the construction of the operating parts. Fig. 2, Sheet II, is a horizontal section taken in the line 1 2 of Fig. 1; and Fig. 3 is an irregular vertical section of one of the compartments of the machine detached, the section being taken in the line 3 4 of Fig. 2.

The .hullin g machine may be described as consisting of a series of drums, A A, threebe ing the number which I prefer, mounted one above another on the vertical shaft B, and armed at their peripheries with blades a a, formed of sheet iron or steel, set radially around the drums A. These drums are inclosed'in separate cylindrical chambers G G C, which are concentric therewith, and are set one above the other. The upper ones communicate with the oneimmediate below them, to allow the grain passing down from one chamber to the other by means of openings made for that purpose, and regulated-by slides or valves.

The peripheries of all the chambers are furnished with gratings of wire-gauze or perforated metal for the discharge through them of bran from those chambers, and they are also fitted with friction-surfaces, composed of blades 0 set in adjustable frames 0".

The shaft B, to which the drums A are keyed, rests in a footstep carried by a bedplate, D.

Aflixed to the bed-plate are standards E E, which serve to carry the chambers O C O.- The bottoms of these chambers are severally composed of a circular plate, 0, open at the center to allow of the shaft B passing upward through them, and their peripheries are formed of circular castings, with lateral openings to receive the perforated metal for the discharge of the bran andthe frames containing-the blades 0.

The plates C (see the cross-section, Fig. 3) are formed with an annular recess, to receive a series of blades, 0, which are arranged'radially in the recess immediately. below the blades a of the drums A. (See Fig. 1.) The plates 0 of the upper chambers are also formed withtwo radial openings, d, .(see the plan view, Fig. 2,) which openings are capable of being closed by means ofslides or valves of, which serve to regulate the discharge of the grain under operation. There are also concentric slots e 6 formed in the plates for allowingv the bran to pass down out of the chambers into a chute, f, Fig. 1, whence it is conveyed to any suitable receptacle.

The shaft B rotates in a bearingcarried by the cruciform casting F, which is bolted to the standards E.

The blades of the drums and cylinders I prefer to form of sheet-steel hardened. They are spaced out by the interposition between every two blades of pasteboard or other filling, of about double the thickness of theblades.

For securin g the blades in position I form them with anotch in their working edges, and insert therein a metal band or binder, g, whichmay, if thought desirable, be riveted to the drum-plate or frame, as the case may be. I

.To provide for thes'ettin g up 'ofthe blades submitted to its action.

as they wear away, the blades '0 are mounted in adjustable frames, which are capable of being slidden toward the drums by means of setscrews h k.

G is a fan mounted on the shaft B and inclosed in a fan-case situate immediately below the lowest chamber 0. This fan, by its rotation, will draw air through the perforated sides of the mill and between the rubbing surfaces or blades of the drums and chambers, and thereby all tendency of the grain to heat durin g the process ofhulling will be avoided.

The top chamber, 0, is closed by a cover, which is held down in its place by means of clamping-screws, Fig. 1. p

The grain to be operated upon is fed into the top chamber from a hopper, H, the feed being regulated by a cup-roller, inounted in the hopper, and driven .by a band from the shaft B.

Rotary motion is given to the shaft B by a band from any first mover passing over a pulley, B, keyed to this shaft.

When the machine is set in motion the drums will carry round the corn and roll it over and over between the friction-surfaces,

thereby disengaging more or less of the skin' or hull therefrom.

I Theamount of friction to which the corn is to be exposed will be determined by the position of the slides 01, by which the openings (1 inthe plates 0 may be covered as much as necessary to arrive at the desired result.

When the grains of corn have been detained a sufiicient time in the first chamber they will fall into the second chamber and be there similarly acted upon, after which they will escape from this chamber and fall into the third, to be in like manner rubbed by the frictionsurfaces therein.

As thebran is disengaged from the corn it will, to a certain extent, pass throughthe perforated metal before mentioned in the periphery of the chambers, and passing down outside the chambers be dischargedinto the V chute f.

The hulled grain will fall through a single opening in the bottom-plate of the lowest chamber into a chute, and be discharged thence out of the machine.

The grain, as it leaves the balling-machine, will be mixedwith a considerable quantity of bran. This .1 separate by subjecting the grain to the action of a dressing-machine of the ordinary construction.

The hulled grainI now submit to a novel construction of mill (shown at Sheets III and IV) for reducingit to semoliua.

.Fig. 1 is a cross section of the mill, the use of which is to rip open the hulled grains. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same, partly in section;

a a are a pair of rollers, mounted in bearings carried by a strong frame, b. The roller a turns in adjustable bearings and the roller a in fixed bearings.

The adj us'table' roller is kept up to its work by coiled springs and a transverse bar, a, formed with inclined faces, which bear against inclined shoulders of the framing and serve to adjust the pressure of the springs. bar is moved endwise by the rotation of a transverse screw-shaft, d, to which is keyed a disk, 6. This disk is embraced by a forked piece projecting from the bar. When, therefore, the screw-shaft moves cndwise it will draw the bar along with it and cause the compression of the coiled springs.

The disk is notched to receive a catch, j, that is jointed to the bar 0, and is intended to insure the bar maintaining its position.

The rollers of the ripping-mill I form with cutting-teeth, produced by making lines of deep .cuts on their periphery, which lines cross the axis of the roller, and also cut lines radiating therefrom, as shown in plan at Fig. 3 and in section at Fig. 4. These rollers I gear together, as shown in the drawing, by large and small spurwheels, by which means I give to one roller a greater surface-speed than to the other.

The hulled grain is delivered to the rippingrollers by means of thehopper 'g, andin passing between them it is to a great extent re-.,

duced to semolina, whichmay be made fit for the market by being subjected to the operation of winnowing.

The remainder contains a small portion of fine flour and portions of the ripped grain still retaining bran. These several products I separate by means of sieve-s, and then operate upon the unbranned portionsto reduce the same to semolina-flour in any approved manner.

Having now explained the nature of my invention of improved machinery for manufacturing semolina, I wish it to be understood that I claim- 1. A blade for flour-mills fastened in its holder by means of bands g and notches or recessesin the working-edge thereof, all as shown and described.

2. The combination of two ripping-rolls, a or, having teeth formed by the intersection of oblique deep-cut lines on their peripheries, with the feeding mechanism shown and described.

3. The combination of two or more pairs of rubbing-surfaces, a c, arranged one above another, with circular plates (3, having radial openings 01 to pass the grain from one pair to another, in the manner set forth.

4.. The combination of transverse bar 0, having inclined faces, frame having shouldered inclines b, screw-shaft d, disk 0, and catch f, all arranged as and for the purpose specified.

The above specification signed by me this 12th day of July,'1869.

G. A. BUOHHOLZ. WVitnesses:

FRED. WALKDEN,

66- C'haaccry Lane, London. DANL. Fonsnnw,

24 Royal Exchange, London.

The 

